Download YouTube videos using Java
From time to time we all have needed to show a YouTube video where no Internet connection is available.
This program will allow you to download a video from YouTube for later playback. It is important to say that YouTube constantly changes its video URL, so someday it may need some rework. The following code was tested on Aug 12, 2012 and it works.
Have a good day.
/**
* YouTubeDownloader
*
* Modified by Andres Jaimes https://andres.jaimes.net
* Updated on Aug 02 2012
* Based on http://stackoverflow.com/users/568438/pinkteddybear888
*
* Dependencies: HttpComponents (http://hc.apache.org/index.html)
*
* -classpath .httpcomponents-client-4.2.1libhttpcore-4.2.1.jar;
* .httpcomponents-client-4.2.1libhttpclient-4.2.1.jar;
* .httpcomponents-client-4.2.1libcommons-logging-1.1.1.jar;
*/
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.logging.Formatter;
import java.util.logging.Handler;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.LogRecord;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.CookieStore;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.protocol.ClientContext;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URIUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCookieStore;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
public class YouTubeDownloader {
public static String newline = System.getProperty("line.separator");
private static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(JavaYoutubeDownloader.class.getCanonicalName());
private static final Level defaultLogLevelSelf = Level.FINER;
private static final Level defaultLogLevel = Level.WARNING;
private static final Logger rootlog = Logger.getLogger("");
private static final String scheme = "http";
private static final String host = "www.youtube.com";
private static final Pattern commaPattern = Pattern.compile(",");
private static final Pattern pipePattern = Pattern.compile("|");
private static final char[] ILLEGAL_FILENAME_CHARACTERS = { '/', 'n', 'r', 't', '', 'f', '`', '?', '*', '', '<', '>', '|', '"', ':' };
private static void usage(String error) {
if (error != null) {
System.err.println("Error: " + error);
}
System.err.println("usage: YouTubeDownloader VIDEO_ID DESTINATION_DIRECTORY");
System.exit(-1);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
if (args == null || args.length == 0) {
usage("Missing video id. Extract from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIDEO_ID");
}
try {
setupLogging();
log.fine("Starting");
String videoId = null;
String outdir = ".";
// TODO Ghetto command line parsing
if (args.length == 1) {
videoId = args[0];
} else if (args.length == 2) {
videoId = args[0];
outdir = args[1];
}
int format = 18; // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube#Quality_and_codecs
String encoding = "UTF-8";
String userAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.13) Gecko/20101203 Firefox/3.6.13";
File outputDir = new File(outdir);
String extension = getExtension(format);
play(videoId, format, encoding, userAgent, outputDir, extension);
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
log.fine("Finished");
}
private static String getExtension(int format) {
// TODO: See reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube#Quality_and_codecs
return "mp4";
}
private static void play(String videoId, int format, String encoding, String userAgent, File outputdir, String extension) throws Throwable {
log.fine("Retrieving " + videoId);
List<NameValuePair> qparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("video_id", videoId));
qparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("fmt", "" + format));
URI uri = getUri("get_video_info", qparams);
CookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
HttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
localContext.setAttribute(ClientContext.COOKIE_STORE, cookieStore);
HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(uri);
httpget.setHeader("User-Agent", userAgent);
log.finer("Executing " + uri);
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget, localContext);
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null && response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
InputStream instream = entity.getContent();
String videoInfo = getStringFromInputStream(encoding, instream);
if (videoInfo != null && videoInfo.length() > 0) {
List<NameValuePair> infoMap = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
URLEncodedUtils.parse(infoMap, new Scanner(videoInfo), encoding);
String token = null;
String downloadUrl = null;
String filename = videoId;
for (NameValuePair pair : infoMap) {
String key = pair.getName();
String val = pair.getValue();
log.finest(key + "=" + val);
if (key.equals("token")) {
token = val;
}
else if (key.equals("title")) {
filename = val;
}
else if (key.equals("url_encoded_fmt_stream_map")) {
downloadUrl = URLDecoder.decode(
val.substring(val.indexOf("http"),
val.indexOf("&")), "UTF-8");
}
}
filename = cleanFilename(filename);
if (filename.length() == 0) {
filename = videoId;
}
else {
filename += "_" + videoId;
}
filename += "." + extension;
File outputfile = new File(outputdir, filename);
log.finer("Saving to " + outputfile);
log.finer("From " + downloadUrl);
if (downloadUrl != null) {
downloadWithHttpClient(userAgent, downloadUrl, outputfile);
}
}
}
}
private static void downloadWithHttpClient(String userAgent, String downloadUrl, File outputfile) throws Throwable {
HttpGet httpget2 = new HttpGet(downloadUrl);
httpget2.setHeader("User-Agent", userAgent);
log.finer("Executing " + httpget2.getURI());
HttpClient httpclient2 = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpResponse response2 = httpclient2.execute(httpget2);
HttpEntity entity2 = response2.getEntity();
if (entity2 != null && response2.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {
long length = entity2.getContentLength();
InputStream instream2 = entity2.getContent();
log.finer("Writing " + length + " bytes to " + outputfile);
if (outputfile.exists()) {
outputfile.delete();
}
FileOutputStream outstream = new FileOutputStream(outputfile);
try {
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
int count = -1;
while ((count = instream2.read(buffer)) != -1) {
outstream.write(buffer, 0, count);
}
outstream.flush();
} finally {
outstream.close();
}
}
}
private static String cleanFilename(String filename) {
for (char c : ILLEGAL_FILENAME_CHARACTERS) {
filename = filename.replace(c, '_');
}
return filename;
}
private static URI getUri(String path, List<NameValuePair> qparams) throws URISyntaxException {
URI uri = URIUtils.createURI(scheme, host, -1, "/" + path, URLEncodedUtils.format(qparams, "UTF-8"), null);
return uri;
}
private static void setupLogging() {
changeFormatter(new Formatter() {
@Override
public String format(LogRecord arg0) {
return arg0.getMessage() + newline;
}
});
explicitlySetAllLogging(Level.FINER);
}
private static void changeFormatter(Formatter formatter) {
Handler[] handlers = rootlog.getHandlers();
for (Handler handler : handlers) {
handler.setFormatter(formatter);
}
}
private static void explicitlySetAllLogging(Level level) {
rootlog.setLevel(Level.ALL);
for (Handler handler : rootlog.getHandlers()) {
handler.setLevel(defaultLogLevelSelf);
}
log.setLevel(level);
rootlog.setLevel(defaultLogLevel);
}
private static String getStringFromInputStream(String encoding, InputStream instream) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException {
Writer writer = new StringWriter();
char[] buffer = new char[1024];
try {
Reader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(instream, encoding));
int n;
while ((n = reader.read(buffer)) != -1) {
writer.write(buffer, 0, n);
}
} finally {
instream.close();
}
String result = writer.toString();
return result;
}
}